Anatomy and Physiology 6921 The Integumentary System

Test Your Knowledge

 1.           Match the illustration of the ?ngerprint minutiae with the correct term.

1Bridge

2Delta

3Trifurcation

4Dot

5Ridge Ending

6Bifurcation

7Spur

8Eye

9Double Bifurcation

10Island

2.            Order the layers of the epidermis with the outermost layer on the top and the innermost layer on the bottom.

Stratum Corneum

Stratum Lucidum

Stratum Granulosum

Stratum Spinosum

Stratum Basale

3.            Classify each statement as describing the epidermis or dermis.

 

Epidermis            Dermis

1              Outermost layer of the skin        2              Inner layer of the skin

Composed of ?ve layers               Contains the papillae

Contains sudoriferous gland ducts           Contains the sudoriferous glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles

Exploration

1.            Which layer of the epidermis is not always present?

Stratum Corneum

Stratum Lucidum

Stratum Granulosum

Stratum Spinosum

Stratum Basale

2.            The dermal papillae form ridges on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.

True

False

3.            Which ridge pattern is characterized by concentric circles or spirals in the center?

Arch

Spiral

Whorl

Loop

4.            Every individual has a unique set of ?ngerprints.

True

False

Exercise 1

1.            Describe the ?ve layers of the epidermis and each of their functions.

2.            What are some of the features of the dermal papillae that you observed on this slide, and how do those features affect the surface of the skin?

 3.           Describe some of the structures you would expect to be present in the skin that were not visible on the prepared slide and explain why they may not have been visible on your prepared specimen.

Photo 1: Skin Layers

Photo 2: Epidermis Layers

 Exercise 2

1.            Were the ?ngerprints for each ?nger different or the same?

2.            What is the difference between the individual ?ngerprints and when all four ?ngerprints were taken at the same time?

Photo 3: Completed Fingerprint Card

 Data Table 1: Fingerprint Observations

 Finger  Observations

Right Thumb      Whorls, DOT, Ridge Ending, Bifurcation

Right Fore?nger               Whorls

Right Middle Finger         loop

Right Ring Finger              Whorls

Right Little Finger             arch

Left Thumb         Whorls

Left Fore?nger  Whorls

Left Middle Finger           Arch

Left Ring Finger Whorls

Left Little Finger               Whorls

Competency Review

1.            Dermal papillae form ?ngerprints and aid in gripping.

True

False

2.            What is the thickest layer of the epidermis?

Stratum corneum

3.            The epidermis is a simple epithelium.

True

False

4.            When collecting a ?ngerprint, the ?nger should be pressed as hard to the paper as possible in order to produce a clean print.

True

False

5.            The minutiae are studied to determine the identifying characteristics of a ?ngerprint.

True

False

6.            The keratinocytes are located in the       .

7.            When rolling a ?ngerprint, the ?nger must be rolled from one edge of the ?ngernail to the other edge of the ?ngernail.

True

False

8.            The sweat glands are also referred to as               .

sebaceous glands

follicles

sudoriferous glands

none of the above

Extension Questions

1. Ever since the early 1900s, when ?ngerprints were ?rst used to identify and convict defendants, some criminals have attempted to remove or alter their ?ngerprints to avoid detection with very little success. Apply what you know about the formation of ?ngerprints in the skin to explain why ?ngerprint mutilation does not typically render very good results.